Physics Department
PHYS 2P51
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2P51
Classical and Modern Optics
Wave-Particle Duality
Sources and Detectors
Geometrical Optics and Imaging
Wave Optics
The Wave Equation
Sinusoidal Travelling Waves
Interference and Diffraction
Principle of Linear Superposition
Necessary Conditions for observation of interference:
coherence
and single wavelength
Young's Double Slit Experiment
A single slit
was necessary for observation of fringes
Geometry
of Young's double-slit experiment
Complex Numbers and
Phasors
Michelson Interferometer
thin film
interference
geometry
of thin film interference
phase changes on
reflection
Fraunhofer diffraction by
single slits, pinholes and double slits
Fraunhofer (far-field) or parallel ray
approximation
Fresnel (near-field) or non-parallel ray
exact treatment
single slit diffraction and
phasors
spatial dependence of
single slit diffraction
real double slit
diffraction pattern
Diffraction Gratings
separates wavelengths of white light into rainbows
Concentrate light into maxima
effect of increasing
number of slits
Mononchromatic and White light
through a grating
Ideal
separated orders
Reality:
overlapping orders
Crystals are 3D diffraction gratings:
X-ray diffraction
from
crystals
Coherence
Scattering
Dipole radiator
Spatial Dependence of
Dipole radiation
Polarization of scattered light by
air molecules
Rayleigh (small particle) vs. Mie (large particle)
scattering
Rayleigh vs. Mie scattering and
cigarettes
Color of the
sky I
Color of the
sky II
Color of the
sky III
Polarization
Types of Polarized Light
unpolarized
linear polarization
circular polarization
elliptical polarization
Methods of Polarization
Polarization by
scattering
Polarization by
reflection:
Brewster's angle
Polarization by
selective absorption
Wire Grid
polarizer
Polarization by Birefringence
images seen through
normal vs. birefringent
crystals
Polarization by
birefringence
light velocity depends on
polarization
in birefringent crystals
ordinary ray
extraordinary ray
can propagate
at different angle
positive and negative
birefringence
Nicol prism
Linear Polarizers, Quarter- and Half-Wave-Plates
Effect of a
single polarizer
on unpolarized light
Malus' law
Cutting birefringent crystal to produce
retarders
Half-Wave Plate
rotates polarization
of linearly polarized light
Quarter-Wave Plate
can be used to produce circularly polarized light from linearly polarized light
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Updated: 05-Apr-2017 09:10