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Hydrostatics
Pressure always $\bot$ surface
Pressure in a fluid changes with depth
$$
{{\Delta p}\over{\Delta y}} = -\rho g
$$
then, at depth $h$,
$$
p= p_0 + \rho g h
$$
$$[p]$$=1 atm = 1.013x105Pa = 760 torr = 760 mm Hg
Pascal's principle: applied pressure is transmitted to all parts of an enclosed fluid
Hydraulics
$$
{{F_1}\over{A_1}} = {{F_2}\over{A_2}}\>, \qquad \mbox{a~hydraulic~lever}
$$
Archimedes' principle: a buoyant force $F_B=V\quad \rho_{\mbox{fluid}}\quad g$ implies
$$
F_{\mbox{net}} = V\quad (\rho_{\mbox{fluid}}-\rho)\quad g
$$
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