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Classical and Modern Optics

Wave-Particle Duality
Sources and Detectors

Electromagnetic Wave spectrum
EM waves are produced by accelerating charge.
Blackbody Radiation
- Definition of Black Body
- Visual of Black Body at high temperature
- Spectrum of Black Body as function of temperature
- Measuring the temperature of the Sun
- Comparison of synchrotron radiation with blackbody radiation
Continuous and "line" spectra
- H-atom (Balmer Spectrum)
- x-ray tube
- x-ray spectrum
- Gamma ray spectrum from archaeological pottery shards
- luminescence , phosphoresence
- fluorescent lights
- light-emitting diodes: LED
- 3 level system (or 4) required for population inversion
- Ruby Laser
Detectors
- Different Detectors for different wavenumber (inverse wavelength) ranges
- Cadmium Sulphide Photoconductive Cell
- pn junction can function as light detector or solar cell.
- reversed bias pn junction: photodiode detector
- photomultiplier tube
- photomultiplier: principle of operation
- scintillation counters x-ray and gamma ray

Geometrical Optics and Imaging
Wave Optics